Comparing therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention and treatment
SF Eichner, KB Lloyd… - Annals of …, 2003 - journals.sagepub.com
OBJECTIVE: To review the literature concerning the efficacy of calcium, hormone
replacement therapy (HRT), bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and
calcitonin in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. DATA
SOURCES: Articles were identified through searches of the MEDLINE (1966–July 2002),
EMBASE (1980–July 2002), and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–July 2002)
databases using the key words osteoporosis, postmenopausal, fracture, calcium, vitamin D …
replacement therapy (HRT), bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and
calcitonin in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. DATA
SOURCES: Articles were identified through searches of the MEDLINE (1966–July 2002),
EMBASE (1980–July 2002), and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–July 2002)
databases using the key words osteoporosis, postmenopausal, fracture, calcium, vitamin D …
OBJECTIVE
To review the literature concerning the efficacy of calcium, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and calcitonin in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
DATA SOURCES
Articles were identified through searches of the MEDLINE (1966–July 2002), EMBASE (1980–July 2002), and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–July 2002) databases using the key words osteoporosis, postmenopausal, fracture, calcium, vitamin D, hormone replacement therapy, bisphosphonates, alendronate, risedronate, raloxifene, and calcitonin. Additional references were located through review of the bibliographies of the articles cited. Searches were not limited by time restriction, language, or human subject.
STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION
Experimental and observational studies of the use of calcium and antiresorptive therapies for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis were selected. Articles evaluating bone mineral density (BMD) or fracture efficacy were included in this review.
DATA SYNTHESIS
HRT, bisphosphonates, raloxifene, and calcitonin have demonstrated stabilization of and improvement in BMD. Randomized clinical trials have shown fracture risk reduction with bisphosphonates, raloxifene, HRT, calcium, and calcitonin. The largest risk reductions have been reported with use of bisphosphonates in several trials.
CONCLUSIONS
Several therapeutic options with well-documented improvements in BMD and reductions in fracture risk are available to women for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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