Zoogloea ramigera was immobilized to Ca-alginate in order to obtain higher adsorption
capacity and yields in a packed column operated in continuous mode. The adsorption of
copper (II) ions to Ca-alginate and immobilized Z. ramigera in the packed column was
investigated as a function of flow rate and inlet-metal-ion concentration. Copper adsorption
in the immobilized-cell column was initially limited by diffusion of the solute through the
pores. The initial removal of copper by the immobilized micro-organism system was …