We present evidence that the El Niño phenomenon intensifies the annual cycle of malaria
cases for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum in endemic areas of Colombia as a
consequence of concomitant anomalies in the normal annual cycle of temperature and
precipitation. We used simultaneous analyses of both variables at both timescales, as well
as correlation and power spectral analyses of detailed spatial (municipal) and temporal
(monthly) records. During" normal years," endemic malaria in rural Colombia exhibits a clear …