signaling pathways to activate extracellularly regulated mitogen-activated protein kinases
(ERK1/2) in normal and immortalized pituitary gonadotrophs and transfected cells
expressing the GnRH receptor. In immortalized hypothalamic GnRH neurons (GT1–7 cells),
which also express GnRH receptors, GnRH, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and phorbol 12-
myristate 13-acetate (PMA) caused marked phosphorylation of ERK1/2. This action of GnRH …