The rising demand for cocoa powder has resulted in an upsurge in market prices, leading to
the emergence of adulteration practices aimed at achieving economic benefits. This study
aimed to detect and quantify cocoa powder adulteration using visible and near-infrared
spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS). The adulterants used in this study were powdered carob, cocoa
shell, foxtail millet, soybean, and whole wheat. The NIRS data could not be resolved using
Savitzky-Golay smoothing. Nevertheless, the application of a random forest and support …

Cocoa powder has many uses and benefits, increasing demand on the market followed by
an increase in the price of cocoa powder. This occurrence leads to the adulteration of cocoa
powder and thus degrades the quality. NIR spectroscopy with multivariate analysis was
applied to assess cocoa powder adulteration. This study aimed to detect and quantify cocoa
powder adulteration using classification and regression models. The adoption of partial least
square, Ridge, Lasso, Elastic Net, and random forest (RF) regression models was also …