This book addresses one of the most controversial topics in Ethics and Bioethics since the beginning of physiology and comparative anatomy, as viewed from the perspective of experienced researchers in the fields of nutrition, bioethics and translational research. The book provides up-to-date information on dietary induction models of diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and malnutrition in experimental animal models, with a focus and direction for future clinical studies in the area of health sciences. It directly describes the importance of pre-clinical studies in the construction of translational research, being useful for academic-scientific institutions, students and health professionals such as nutritionists, doctors, pharmacists, psychologists, and nurses, among others.