Digital mapping of soil properties and associated uncertainties in the Llanos Orientales, South America

JM Ashtekar, PR Owens, RA Brown… - … , D.; McKenzie, N, 2014 - books.google.com
JM Ashtekar, PR Owens, RA Brown, HE Winzeler, M Dorantes, Z Libohova, M Dasilva…
Arrouays, D.; McKenzie, N, 2014books.google.com
The Llanos Orientales is a vast tropical grassland encompassing approximately 570,000
km2 of Colombia and Venezuela in northwestern South America. Increases in demands on
this ecosystem is bringing greater pressure on the available natural resources, specifically
soils, calling to attention a great need for improved soil maps, needed to better inform
management decisions and direct infrastructure expansion. To address this, a Digital Soil
Mapping (DSM) approach was taken to provide improved soil class and property maps …
Abstract
The Llanos Orientales is a vast tropical grassland encompassing approximately 570,000 km2 of Colombia and Venezuela in northwestern South America. Increases in demands on this ecosystem is bringing greater pressure on the available natural resources, specifically soils, calling to attention a great need for improved soil maps, needed to better inform management decisions and direct infrastructure expansion. To address this, a Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) approach was taken to provide improved soil class and property maps, extending the entire Colombian Llanos region. With sparsely measured point data and limited road access, it was necessary to exploit a variety of DSM techniques to produce the improved soil maps highly desired for this area. A 90 m SRTM Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was obtained for the purpose of soil mapping for its availability and conformation to Global Soil Map requirements. For the production of soil class maps, a geomorphomectric approach was implemented using the Geomorphons add on in Grass GIS. Soils were first differentiated by Geomorphon landforms and then further stratified by parent material, derived from existing geological maps, resulting in 60 distinct soil types. Continuous property maps were generated using a Fuzzy Logic approach in ArcSIE where class threshold values were determined statistically from the distribution of Wetness Index (WI), Normalized Height, and Slope% within each geomorphon landform. Sand, silt and clay content, soil pH, and soil carbon were estimated and 90% confidence intervals mapped, corresponding to each property prediction. maize, and soybean. Spurred on by the agricultural explosion in the Cerrado region of Brazil, likewise a tropical savanna, investment is now being made into the exploration and expansion of this region for agricultural crop production. Though previous studies of land use and soils have been carried out, these legacy surveys lack the fine spatial resolution required to inform decisions regarding land use planning and infrastructure development (Goosen, 1971; Atehortúa et al., 2010). Converting the savanna ecosystem from soil sheltering grasses to managed agricultural fields has the potential for intense wind erosion during the dry season and water erosion during the wet season. To best inform land use management decisions and forestall potentially catastrophic erosional events, it is critical that fine resolution
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