Discretization of fractional differential equations by a piecewise constant approximation

CN Angstmann, BI Henry, BA Jacobs… - … Modelling of Natural …, 2017 - mmnp-journal.org
Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena, 2017mmnp-journal.org
There has recently been considerable interest in using a nonstandard piecewise
approximation to formulate fractional order differential equations as difference equations that
describe the same dynamical behaviour and are more amenable to a dynamical systems
analysis. We show that the correct application of this nonstandard piecewise approximation
leads to a one parameter family of fractional order differential equations that converges to
the original equation as the parameter tends to zero. A closed formed solution exists for …
There has recently been considerable interest in using a nonstandard piecewise approximation to formulate fractional order differential equations as difference equations that describe the same dynamical behaviour and are more amenable to a dynamical systems analysis. We show that the correct application of this nonstandard piecewise approximation leads to a one parameter family of fractional order differential equations that converges to the original equation as the parameter tends to zero. A closed formed solution exists for each member of this family and leads to the formulation of a difference equation that is of increasing order as time steps are taken. Whilst this does not lead to a simplified dynamical analysis it does lead to a numerical method for solving the fractional order differential equation. The method is shown to be equivalent to a quadrature based method, despite the fact that it has not been derived from a quadrature. The method can be implemented with non-uniform time steps. An example is provided showing that the difference equation can correctly capture the dynamics of the underlying fractional differential equation.
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