We experimentally manipulated fire season in a longleaf pine sandhill community in north Florida in 1990 and 1992. We determined the size and demography of shoots, rhizomes, and clones of Pityopsis graminifolia from late 1990 to early 1993. In addition, we examined shoot responses to seasonal variation in canopy/litter removal and soil fertility in 1992. May fires caused a higher short‐term rate of increase in shoot density than did either January fires or August fires. The combination of canopy/litter removal and mineral nutrient addition as part of the clipping experiment revealed a similar effect on shoot density in May. Fire season influenced clone structure. May fires resulted in greater numbers of shoots/clone than did January or August fires. January‐burned plots had clones and rhizomes that contained larger (but fewer) shoots than did May‐burned or August‐burned plots. We suggest that such variation in clone structure may indicate a greater capacity of clones to grow laterally following May fires than following either January or August fires. This capacity is positively associated with the likelihood that longleaf pine savannas will be burned by lightning fires at different times during the year.