With the rapid development of Industry 4.0 and 5G technologies, new challenges are emerging and among them is electromagnetic interference (EMI). EMI may not only affect the performance of the devices operating around it but can also harm human health. Therefore, the issue of EMI shielding is becoming increasingly relevant. EMI shielding is most effectively achieved by using materials with high surface conductivity. This theoretical starting point provided the motivation to increase surface conductivity. To achieve this, in this study, electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) of pure alumina (Al₂O4) and nanogold-coated alumina is investigated, with the aim of enhancing the understanding of effective EMI shielding strategies.

Through a series of carefully designed experiments and in-depth analysis, a significant finding emerges: nanogold-coated Al₂O₄ exhibits superior shielding performance, surpassing the effectiveness of its pure counterpart. The study evaluates key SE factors, including reflection loss and absorption loss, and highlights the remarkable improvement achieved by applying nanogold coatings to the aluminium oxide surface. In addition, this research also pioneers the combination of SE assessment with material characterization using cutting-edge techniques such as energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). This multidisciplinary approach provides valuable insights into the electromagnetic interaction mechanisms responsible for the enhanced shielding performance of nanogold-coated AL₂O₄. The results of this study emphasize its potential significance in modern electronic systems, while also highlighting the lack of existing studies that combine SE evaluation with comprehensive material characterization, thereby contributing to the advancement of electromagnetic shielding research.