The main objective of this study is to measure the effect of slope and grass-cover on infiltration rate, run-off and sediment yield under simulated rainfall conditions in a badland area located in the upper Pravara Basin in western India. An automatic rainfall simulator was designed following Dunne et al (1980) and considering the local conditions. Experiments were conducted on six selected experimental fields of 2 × 2m within the catchment with distinct variations in surface characteristics — grass-covered area with gentle slope, recently ploughed gently sloping area, area covered by crop residue (moderate slope), bare badland with steep slope, gravelly surface with near flat slope and steep slope with grass-cover. The results indicate subtle to noteworthy variations amongst the plots depending on their slope angle and surface characteristics. An important finding that emerges from the study is that the grass-cover is the most effective measure in inducing infiltration and in turn minimizing run-off and sediment yield. Sediment yields are lowest in gently sloping grass-covered surfaces and highest in bare badland surfaces with steep slopes. These findings have enormous implication for this area, because over 2/3 area is characterized by bare and steep slopes.