To increase the genetic progress in wheat yield, breeders search for germplasm of high genetic diversity, one of them is the landraces, which are traditional varieties with a good tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The objectives of the present investigation were to (i) assess the effects of deficit irrigation and genotype on studied traits of wheat landraces,(ii) identify landrace (s) showing drought tolerance, high yield, and/or carrying one or more desirable trait and (iii) identify the most correlated traits to drought tolerance. Twenty bread wheat landraces and two checks were planted in the field for two seasons under water stress (WS) and non-stress (WW) conditions using a split plot design with four replications and their agronomic, grain yield and quality traits (13) were recorded. Water stress caused a significant reduction of 9.54% in grain yield, which was associated with a reduction in all studied traits, except grain protein content (GPC), which significantly increased by 13.99%. Our study recommended that landrace G17; the highest in GPC (20.87%) could be crossed to one of the highest yielding genotypes Sakha 64 cultivar, landraces G2 or G3 to select in their segregating generations some transgressive segregates of high grain yield and high GPC. The highest drought tolerant genotypes in this study were Sakha 63 and the landraces G2, G3, G4, G7, G12 and G15. These genotypes were the most drought tolerant, the highest yielders under WS as well as WW and could therefore be recommended to future wheat breeding programs. The results indicated that drought tolerant landraces are characterized by early maturity, short grain filling period, short plant height and high grain yield/plant. These traits could be considered as selection criteria for drought tolerance in wheat if they proved high heritability.