developments over the last twenty-five years. As we reflect on our past and shape our future,
we ask two main questions: What are our major strengths? And, what new opportunities lay
on the horizon? We analyse 47 papers from three years in the history of the Journal of AIED
(1994, 2004, and 2014) to identify the foci and typical scenarios that occupy the field of
AIED. We use those results to suggest two parallel strands of research that need to take …