phase-locked loops (OPLLs) based on two types of InP-based photonic-integrated coherent
receiver circuits. The system performance of the first-generation OPLL was improved in
terms of offset-locking range, and power consumption with the use of a power efficient and
compact photonic-integrated circuit (PIC). The second-generation PIC consists of a 60-nm
widely tunable Y-branch laser as a local oscillator with a 2× 2 multimode interference (MMI) …