Web systems were initially supported by a client–server architecture and three standards
(URL, HTTP, and HTML), and have considerable evolution in the last two decades. Usability,
scalability, maintenance, portability, robustness, security, and integration with other systems
are the main challenges of this software category. This tutorial presents the history and
evolution of Web-based software architectures. We discuss current software architectural
styles, patterns, and development platforms based on client-side and server-side …

Web systems have become popular because of the Web browsers ubiquity. This
characteristic allows us to conveniently install and maintain software systems on a server
without changing client-side software, even if it is accessed by millions of browsers [15].
Currently, Web systems are used for all kinds of applications, such as e-commerce,
audiovisual content access, email, social networks, searches, corporate portals, etc.[13].
Web systems can be considered a kind of client–server architecture model. In this scenario …