When we expect something, we are in a state where particular upcoming events will be more in accord with that state, whereas other events will be more likely to cause a surprise. In a number of cognitive domains such as vision and actionplanning, apart from obvious everyday actions that we may consider mundane (like hand-eye coordination, walking, etc.), being able to anticipate subsequently occurring events can be of crucial importance to survive in an ever-changing environment (for an overview, see eg Bubic et al. 2010; Clark 2013 and its open peer commentaries). In the last two decades or so, there has been an increased interest in expectations (anticipation or prediction are other commonly used notions) in the domain of language processing as well (see eg DeLong et al. 2014; Huettig 2015; Kamide 2008; Kuperberg and Jaeger 2016; Pickering and Gambi 2018 for overviews). A large number of studies has shown that the language processor does not merely passively integrate linguistic input into existing representations, but also pro-actively predicts what will be mentioned next in the upcoming discourse. For instance, upon hearing the boy will eat the… it has been argued that one predicts an object/theme satisfying the selectional restrictions of eat, ie something edible (Altmann and Kamide 1999; Kamide et al. 2003). Although no