(HfO 2) thin films is discussed. Maximum values of remnant polarizations (P r)∼ 13.5 and 12
μC/cm 2 along with coercive fields (EC)∼ 334 and 384 kV/cm are observed in 6 mol.% of
rare-earth (Sm or Gd) doped-HfO 2 thin films (Sm: HfO 2 and Gd: HfO 2), respectively.
Piezoresponse force microscopy measurements confirmed ferroelectric nature of films by
showing phase hysteresis and butterfly amplitude loops. It is noticed that wake-up cycles …