erbium concentration. The numerical approach is based on the combined use of a full-
vectorial finite-element method and the Runge-Kutta algorithm. It allows one to investigate
real structures, accounting for both the active ions interactions by cross-relaxation and
upconversion and the effects of waveguide geometry and refractive index profile. We show
that, depending on input pump power and waveguide structure, ion-ion interactions affect …