structure were investigated using first-principles calculation based on density functional
theory (DFT) with local density approximation (LDA) plus Hubbard U (DFT–LDA+ U) method.
Hubbard U improved the calculated results, allowing it to exhibit good agreement with
experimental data. The DFT–LDA+ U method successfully predicted the electronic
properties of ZnO with better described the localization of transition metal Zn 3d electron …