The increase in the renewable energy sources connected to the electricity grid has resulted
in an increased need for frequency regulation. On the demand side, frequency regulation
services can be provided by electrified heating/cooling systems exploiting the energy stored
in thermal mass of buildings. To provide such services a first principles model of the building
is needed, which is often difficult to obtain in practice. This issue can be overcome by using
a buffer storage between the heating/cooling source and the building. Here, we present a …