Sexuality researchers and therapists have traditionally been reluctant to say “yes” to the benefits and pleasures of sex, and instead, have focused on understanding how people can avoid sexual risks and pain. Yet, sexuality is often a key factor in understanding happiness and satisfaction in relationships. In a cross-national sample of individuals from 29 countries, the people who were most satisfied with their sex lives were often the happiest with their lives in general (Laumann et al., 2006). Further, those are more sexually satisfied tend to be more satisfied with their relationships, and this is true whether they are dating or married (Brezsnyak & Whisman, 2004; Regan, 2000; Sprecher, 2002). Given that satisfying romantic relationships are a vital component of physical health and psychological well-being (eg, Diener & Seligman, 2002; Uchino, Cacioppo, & Kiecolt-Glaser, 1996), it is essential to understand the ways in which sexuality enables individuals and couples to thrive. The majority of research on sexuality is oriented toward understanding the potential risks and negative aspects of sex, focusing on such topics as sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies, sexual harassment, and low sexual desire. These are clearly problems worthy of research attention. Nevertheless, increased attention must be paid to understanding the potential benefits and pleasures of sexuality, not only because having a positive, fulfilling sexual life may provide a buffer against negative outcomes, but also because positive sexuality is an important topic to study in its own right. There are few scholarly articles devoted to understanding sexuality from a truly positive perspective, and this chapter represents the first review across all age groups on this topic (see Diamond, 2006; Russell, 2005a, 2005b; and Tolman & McClelland, 2011 for positive perspectives on adolescent sexuality). The World Health Organization acknowledges sexuality as