Despite their large secretome and wide applications in bioprocesses, fungi remain
underexplored in metal nanoparticles (MNP) biosynthesis. Previous studies have shown that
cell surface proteins of Rhizopus oryzae play a crucial role in biomineralization of Au (III) to
produce gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Therefore, it is hypothesized that purified cell surface
protein may produce in vitro AuNPs with narrow size distribution for biomedical and
biocatalytic applications. However, different protein extraction methods might affect protein …