This study focuses on bicycling and specifically the differences by gender in terms of use and facility preferences. It is hypothesized that there are observable differences in bicycle use and how bicycle facilities are perceived; the researchers attempt to understand where differences exist and to document these differences in a manner that provides a baseline for future research. Secondary data from five different surveys were used to examine actual cycling behavior (commuting and other), desired amenities, and safety perceptions, as well as cycling facility preferences of women versus men. In general, the research uncovered a number of differences between men and women but also several other important differences. For example, there are distinct gender differences in the purpose of bicycle trips, desired amenities and safety perceptions, and the degree to which separate facilities are valued. This work contributes to the planning, transportation, and public health (physical activity) literature by providing a quantitative baseline documentation on which to build future work on a specific but often-glossed-over topic.