Gentiana kurroo Royle is a critically endangered bitter drug plant of western and northwestern Himalaya. The secondary plant metabolites present in the root and rhizome of this plant are valued as bitter tonic, antiperiodic, expectorant, antibilious, astringent, stomachic, anthelmintic, blood purifier, carminative, antipsychotic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and sedative. It is also medicated for curing skin diseases, leucoderma, leprosy, bronchial asthma, dyspepsia, flatulence, colic, anorexia, helminthiosis, inflammations, amenorrhea, dysmenorrheal, strangury, hemorrhoids, constipation and urinary infections. The drug plant is heavily extracted for root and rhizome. Because of restricted distribution and widespread extraction from its natural habitats coupled with nil cultivation, this species is in high risk category as far as its survival is concerned. The paper presents a comprehensive review on its morphophenology, ethnopharmacy, regeneration techniques and phytochemistry in a lieu to assist further research in chemical screening for elite genotype, developing agrotechniques of cultivation, varietal development and byproduct extraction and thereby protecting the miracle plant from extinction.