Public health interventions in many African settings have traditionally been driven by data on disease burden. Geography, especially in the context of climate change, is being incorporated into the process of health planning to enunciate the spatial and place-specific nature of health and disease. This chapter will describe a case of how geography is used to plan for population level health interventions in regions of Uganda. In particular, the authors emphasize the intersection between climate change and public health planning by examining Uganda’s disease burden in relation to climate change and geography. We also explore climate change health vulnerabilities, climate variability and climate change health adaptation planning. Relevant policy frameworks, their gaps, and how geographic thought can guide targeted action to lessen the potential negative effects of the changing climate on health in Uganda are also described.