Groundwater is playing an essential role in expanding irrigated agriculture in many parts of
the world. Pakistan is the third-largest user of groundwater for irrigation in the world. The
surface water supplies are sufficient to irrigate 27% of the area, whereas the remaining 73%
is directly or indirectly irrigated using groundwater. The Punjab province uses more than
90% of the total groundwater abstraction. Currently, 1.2 million private tubewells are working
in the country, out of which 85% are in Punjab, 6.4% are in Sindh, 3.8% are in Khyber …