The highest density of microbes resides in human gastrointestinal tract, known as “Gut
microbiome”. Of note, the members of the genus Lactobacillus that belong to phyla
Firmicutes are the most important probiotic bacteria of the gut microbiome. These gut-
residing Lactobacillus species not only communicate with each other but also with the gut
epithelial lining to balance the gut barrier integrity, mucosal barrier defence and ameliorate
the host immune responses. The human body suffers from several inflammatory diseases …