chemokines) correlate with disease severity. Even if their role as activators of the host
immune response has been studied, the direct contribution of hemozoin (HZ), a parasite
metabolite, to such a strong induction is not fully understood. Previous in vitro studies
demonstrated that both Plasmodium falciparum HZ and synthetic HZ (sHZ), β-hematin,
induce macrophage/monocyte chemokine and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. In the …