photonic crystal fiber (HNDFSPCF) with low confinement losses is proposed. The results
reveal that it is possible to design five-rings HNDF-SPCFs with a flattened dispersion of 0.43
ps/(nm· km), low dispersion slope of-0: 02 ps/(nm 2· km), low confinement loss of
approximately 10 3 dB/m, and a large nonlinear coefficient of approximately 35W-1 km-1 at
1.55 μm. It is also observed that the confinement loss is less than 10-1 dB/m in the …