… limit direct shareholding in rivals. Empirical examples of horizontal share interlocks do exist
… , are groups of major firms linked by extensive share interlocks. In a few cases these share …

… then horizontal shareholding interlocks constitute a way to increase concentration. In the
section entitled ‘Multiproduct monopoly’ we consider the case of a monopolist which produces …

… Here, suppose that there is no horizontal cross-shareholding… conjecture that vertical
shareholding interlocks tend to induce … final price Cjust as horizontal shareholding induces …

… The basic anticompetitive effects arise from the fact that interlocking shareholdings diminish
each individual firm's incentives to cut prices or expand output by increasing the costs of …

… The structure is generally horizontally organised in many mature markets. … , vertical interlock
will further increase agency costs between majority shareholders and minority shareholders …

… This paper studies the empirical relationship between common ownership and interlocking
directorships. I estimate a gravity equation model for the probability that a pair of firms will …

… EU should prohibit horizontal interlocks (interlocks between … The paper further argues that
non-horizontal interlocks … (OECD) addressed both interlocks and minority shareholding as …

… shareholdings and board interlocks in Italy which finds possible evidence of enlarged collusion,
that is, collusion established through board interlocks … of interlocking directorates among …

… horizontal interlocks would differ from vertical interlocks, given that cartels are generally
disfavored, even though horizontal interlocks … an interlocked director, family shareholders tend to …

… Using data on patenting, I show that horizontal interlocks help firms maintain distance in the
… In order to align incentives with shareholders and ensure they act according to their long run …