Background Ovarian cancer is a deadly female malignancy with a high rate of recurrent and
chemotherapy-resistant disease. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a significant
component of the tumor microenvironment and include high levels of M2-protumor
macrophages that promote chemoresistance and metastatic spread. M2 macrophages can
be converted to M1 anti-tumor macrophages, representing a novel therapeutic approach.
Vesicles engineered from M1 macrophages (MEVs) are a novel method for converting M2 …

Objectives Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a significant component of the tumor
microenvironment and contribute to chemoresistance and metastasis. Ovarian cancer TAMs
are predominantly an M2 protumor subtype. M2 macrophages can be converted to an M1
antitumor phenotype. Vesicles engineered from M1 macrophages (MEVs) retain the ability to
convert M2 macrophages to an M1-like state and are a novel therapeutic approach. The
objective of this study was to establish that human M1 MEVs can repolarize M2 …