… the first occurs when a country is overwhelmed by the outflow … immigration systematically
predominates over emigration and … given country’s degree of maturity in terms of its immigration …

In this study, we quantify the labour market effects of migration flows in OECD countries
during the 1990s based on a new global database on the bilateral stock of migrants, by …

… What would happen if the immigration policies of host countries suddenly become
restrictive? What alternative destinations should the source region turn to in alleviating such an …

… political structures to cope with the problems of immigration, integration, and minorities. This
former country of emigration, an unwilling immigration country today, has to deal more and …

… of emigration from and immigration into selected countries located around the globe. The
countries in question include poorer countries … as the rich and industrialized countries that have …

… as immigration, emigration and return migration; it also looks at the characteristics (size and
composition) of the foreign population living in the country (immigrant … of immigrants into the …

… are required to produce a certificate issued by the authorities of their country of emigration
and visaed by those of the country of destination. This method has been adopted by several …

… of either emigration or immigration risks obscuring the … policies of emigration countries and
policies of immigration countries. … for emigration countries and optimal policies for immigration …

… emigration falls and labour immigration begins to take its place. Thus industrializing countries
tend to move through an initial stage of emigration… predominantly a country of immigration (…

… wage effect of emigration as well as immigration. We focus on … countries with those of other
key destination countries both in … countries since they have experienced both emigration and …