warming protocols, it is not commonly used for commercial bovine embryos routine. To
overcome the need of laboratory embryo preparation during warming, we developed an in-
straw warming protocol compatible with most vitrification devices for embryo transfer without
sucrose gradient steps and embryo evaluation. Surprisingly, one of the tested protocols
improved embryo survival (95.0%* vs 83.1% expansion rate and 74.2%* vs 51.5% hatching …