countries. However, the impact of maternity leave on infant health has not been rigorously
evaluated in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). In this study, we utilized a difference-
in-differences approach to evaluate whether paid maternity leave policies affect infant
mortality in LMICs. Methods and Findings We used birth history data collected via the
Demographic and Health Surveys to assemble a panel of approximately 300,000 live births …