In Autoimmune disease a combination of infection, genetic and environmental factors
causes an autoimmune response to the thyroid gland (characterized by lymphocytic
infiltrations), thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) and different thyroid antigens.
Graves' and Hashimoto disease are autoimmune disorders with genetic predisposition.
CD40 that stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes is an essential
immunomodulatory component for follicular cells in the thyroid and the cell that present the …