Discriminating between patients with microbial infections that cause secondary immune
effects from those with the same infection who have primary immune deficiency disease can
be difficult. There are many microbes that temporarily “stun” innate and/or adaptive immunity
during a primary infection. The common result of temporary inhibition, or permanent
depletion of host immunity during some primary infections is the development of
superinfections of other microbes that cause significant morbidity, and on occasion …