This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a partial combustion
lance (PCL) aiming to evaluate the effect of nozzle design on its performance. Four
turbulence models, namely, standard k–ɛ (SKE), realisable k–ɛ (RKE), renormalised (RNG)
k–ɛ and Reynolds stress model (RSM) were used. The combustion process was modelled
using the species transport model, whereas the heat transfer was calculated by considering
a combined convection–radiation boundary condition. The best CFD prediction was …

This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a partial combustion
lance (PCL) aiming to evaluate the effect of nozzle design on its performance. Four
turbulence models, namely, standard k-ε (SKE), realisable k-ε (RKE), renormalised (RNG) k-
ε and Reynolds stress model (RSM) were used. The combustion process was modelled
using the species transport model, whereas the heat transfer was calculated by considering
a combined convection-radiation boundary condition. The best CFD prediction was obtained …