Interplay between nuclear factor-κB, p38 MAPK, and glucocorticoid receptor signaling synergistically induces functional TLR2 in lung epithelial cells

A Bansal, MM Mostafa, C Kooi, SK Sasse… - Journal of Biological …, 2022 - ASBMB
While glucocorticoids act via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR; NR3C1) to reduce the
expression of many inflammatory genes, repression is not an invariable outcome. Here, we
explore synergy occurring between synthetic glucocorticoids (dexamethasone and
budesonide) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL1B and TNF) on the expression of the toll-like
receptor 2 (TLR2). This effect is observed in epithelial cell lines and both undifferentiated
and differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells (pHBECs). In A549 cells, IL1B …
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