Recent low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have shown capacity-approaching performance for various communications systems. However, their promising performance cannot always be obtained due to practical constraints, such as finite codeword length, finite iteration, finite memory, and finite precision. In this paper, we focus on a practical design method of high-performance LDPC codes under a constraint of finite-iteration decoding for low-power optical communications. We introduce an iteration-aware LDPC code design approach, which is based on decoding trajectory in extrinsic information transfer chart analysis. It is demonstrated that an LDPC code designed by the conventional curve-fitting method exhibits nearly 2 dB of penalty, when the maximum number of iterations is limited. The results suggest that the LDPC code should be adaptively changed, e.g., when the number of decoding iterations is decreased to save power consumption. We also extend our design method to a multi-objective optimization concept by taking average degrees into account, so that the threshold and the computational complexity are minimized at the same time. The proposed Pareto-optimal codes can achieve additional 2-dB gain or 50% complexity reduction at maximum, in low-power decoding scenarios.