although there is evidence of familial aggregation, and several monogenic forms have been
identified. 1 Recently, several pathogenic mutations in the highly conserved leucine-rich
repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) have been associated with autosomal dominant, late-onset
Parkinson's disease. 1 Of these, the G2019S substitution is the most frequently reported. 2 It
occurs in about 1 percent of unselected cases and 3 to 6 percent of familial cases of …