environmental pollutants and the production of clean energy can be possibly addressed. In
this regard, the method was applied using two lasers (one with low pulse energy (LPE) of
270 𝜇J/pulse, and another with high pulse energy (HPE) of 50 mJ/pulse) to investigate the
ignition phenomenon of the atomized ethanol-air spray. With the LPE, no display of ignition
was observed even though it fulfils the threshold conditions. Therefore, the experiment with …