With more than 40 installed MR systems worldwide operating at 7 Tesla or higher, ultra‐high‐field (UHF) imaging has been established as a platform for clinically oriented research in recent years. Along with technical developments that, in part, have also been successfully transferred to lower field strengths, MR imaging and spectroscopy at UHF have demonstrated capabilities and potentials for clinical diagnostics in a variety of studies. In terms of applications, this overview article focuses on already achieved advantages for in vivo imaging, i.e., in imaging the brain and joints of the musculoskeletal system, but also considers developments in body imaging, which is particularly challenging. Furthermore, new applications for clinical diagnostics such as X‐nuclei imaging and spectroscopy, which only really become feasible at ultra‐high magnetic fields, will be presented. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:13–33. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.