used for the preparation of tetrahydrobenzo [b] pyran derivatives via a one-pot three
component condensation reaction of various aldehydes, dimedone and malononitrile at
100° C under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was synthesized and characterized by
several techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy
(TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray …