Maternal, obstetrical and neonatal risk factors' impact on female urinary incontinence: a systematic review
International urogynecology journal, 2020•Springer
Introduction and hypothesis Urinary incontinence (UI) is one of the most serious problems
during pregnancy and after delivery. It can influence the quality of life and cause
psychological problems that lead to depression and decreased self-esteem. We aimed to
investigate the maternal, obstetrical and neonatal risk factors of urinary incontinence 3 to 12
months after childbirth. Methods The Cochrane Library, Medline, Science Direct and Web of
Science were searched for studies published from the inception of the databases up to …
during pregnancy and after delivery. It can influence the quality of life and cause
psychological problems that lead to depression and decreased self-esteem. We aimed to
investigate the maternal, obstetrical and neonatal risk factors of urinary incontinence 3 to 12
months after childbirth. Methods The Cochrane Library, Medline, Science Direct and Web of
Science were searched for studies published from the inception of the databases up to …
Introduction and hypothesis
Urinary incontinence (UI) is one of the most serious problems during pregnancy and after delivery. It can influence the quality of life and cause psychological problems that lead to depression and decreased self-esteem. We aimed to investigate the maternal, obstetrical and neonatal risk factors of urinary incontinence 3 to 12 months after childbirth.
Methods
The Cochrane Library, Medline, Science Direct and Web of Science were searched for studies published from the inception of the databases up to December 2019, including any observational full-text papers. All data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3. Of 338 articles reviewed, 20 studies were considered for meta-analysis.
Results
The results of our study showed that vaginal delivery in contrast to cesarean section (OR = 3.74, 95% CI: [2.71, 5.15], P < 0.00001), UI in pregnancy (OR = 5.27, 95% CI: [3.40, 8.17], P < 0.00001), episiotomy (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: [1.05, 1.45], P < 0.01), perineal tear > grade 2, instrumental delivery in contrast to cesarean section, epidural or spinal anesthesia, maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI and neonatal birthweight have a direct relationship with UI.
Conclusions
This study confirmed that urinary incontinence during pregnancy and vaginal births had the strongest relationship with postpartum urinary incontinence. Also, the maternal upright positions during labor did not reduce the likelihood of urinary incontinence. The awareness of this issue helps find effective strategies to reduce the likelihood of female urinary incontinence.
Springer
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