provide exceptional possibilities to achieve abrupt variations of the refractive-index profile by
thermo-diffusion of nitrogen. A high diffusion coefficient of nitrogen in silica makes it possible
to create deep changes in refractive index by means of short-time heat action on a fiber
section with a length comparable to the fiber diameter. Thus, N-doped silica fibers are most
appropriate for various fiber-optic devices produced by thermo-diffusion.