The biosphere is inhabited by various microbes with unique abilities to survive in many
diversified habitats. These microbes can be utilized for production of many economically
beneficial products and can be exploited for innumerable bioprocesses such as enzyme
production, agricultural, pharmaceutical, and industrial processes. There are very limited
data regarding many microbial communities in several ecosystems because of their
limitation to be cultured and isolated. The traditional methods that try to represent microbial …

Microbiology is the field in which there is progress in biodiversity and advancement in
scientific knowledge. Microorganisms are found in all habitats and have a varied spectrum of
energy sources (Rosado and Duarte, 2002). Biodiversity includes the different ecosystems
that provide various ecosystem services like supplying oxygen, clean air and water and
wastewater treatment, etc. There are four types of biodiversity: species diversity, genetic
diversity, ecosystem diversity and functional diversity (Rosado and Duarte, 2002). This …