assessment. Initial validity evidence has been shown. The purpose of this multicenter study
was to determine expert proficiency benchmarks for these tasks. Methods 6 tasks were
included: needle handling (NH), offset-camera forehand suturing (OF), offset-camera
backhand suturing (OB), confined space suturing (CF), suturing under tension (UT), and
continuous suturing (CS). Minimally invasive surgeons experienced in LS completed the …