Data is a fundamental impediment to a better understanding of the multifaceted process of new firm creation. With better data, we can form a better understanding of the causes, constraints, and outcomes associated with the decision to launch a new business. Towards this end, the Kauffman Foundation commissioned an eight-wave panel of businesses that were formed in 2004, chronicling a single cohort’s evolution from birth through important business milestones. This issue of Small Business Economics focuses on papers that use the Kauffman Firm Survey to examine new research questions in entrepreneurship. Articles in this issue analyze new research topics in entrepreneurship as well as shed light on enduring questions in the literature.