Occupational segregation among women: Theory, evidence, and a prognosis

SW Polachek - Women in the labor market, 1979 - degruyter.com
Women in the labor market, 1979degruyter.com
IT IS currently well established that within the economy occupational segregation exists at
least by race and sex. Bergmann (1971) describes in great detail how blacks are segregated
into menial occupations, while Zellner (1972) demonstrates that this same phenomenon
holds for women. By measuring the overlap of male-female occupational distributions,
Fuchs'(1971) indices of occupational dissimilarity lend credence to these findings. These
estimates show occupational segregation to be a greater problem for males and females …
IT IS currently well established that within the economy occupational segregation exists at least by race and sex. Bergmann (1971) describes in great detail how blacks are segregated into menial occupations, while Zellner (1972) demonstrates that this same phenomenon holds for women. By measuring the overlap of male-female occupational distributions, Fuchs'(1971) indices of occupational dissimilarity lend credence to these findings. These estimates show occupational segregation to be a greater problem for males and females than for whites and blacks. More recently Boskin (1974) and Schmidt and Strauss (1975b) apply multiple-logit analysis to predict essentially the same results by estimating the effect of sex and race on the probability of being in a given occupational category. They find that even with adjustments for age and education, blacks have a higher probability of being in service and operative jobs as opposed to professional and managerial occupations, while females have a higher probability of being in clerical jobs as opposed to other occupations. Although such occupational segregation has been reported to exist at least
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