Nonioto model of ship dynamics complemented by lineari/cd equations of ship motion
kinematics. In the course of state estimation, however, in order to handle influence of errors
due to model simplifications as well as environmental disturbances some extra variables,
modeled as random walks (Fosscnjll), are introduced. The Kalman filtering technique was
then used. This way the whole problem was formali/cd as LQG-like optimal regulator …